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Frederik Grinberg and JNAV Zephirah

Frederik Grinberg came on 22 February 1938 as Frederic Grünberg Czernowitz, the former capital of the Bukovina , on the world.

an extremely bad time for a child from a Jewish home, for only two months had previously Octavian Goga and Alexandru C. Cuza Taken over the leading anti-Semites in Romania, the business of government. Their party, the PNC , led the swastika as party symbol and Hitler's Nazi Party as a model by which it was actively supported. Discrimination against the Jews in all economic and living areas reached the end of the thirties in Romania, a new peak. The parents of Frederic Grunberg, Isac Jacob and Rachel Lea Green Mountain remained not spared.

On 4 September 1940 was Ion Antonescu of King Carol II appointed as prime minister with unlimited powers. On 22 June 1941 Romania joined in the Second World War and participated in Germany's side in the invasion of the Soviet Union . The person appointed by Ion Antonescu military governor of Bukovina, Brigadier General Corneliu Calotescu , issued on 11 October 1941 the order to build a ghetto in Czernowitz. Two days later, on 13 October 1941 began the first deportations to Transnistria . The members of the family Grünberg from then on had to wear the Star of David. had to wear

While the parents of Fred Gruenberg and his two grandmothers, Frima Grünberg and Mariem Seternberg, "normal" stars of David, was "allowed" to the then three-year-old Frederic wear a "little" star that he is still up now preserved.

The only chance to escape deportation to Transnistria was a Unabkömmlichkeitsbescheinigung of the then mayor of Czernowitz, Romania, Traian Popovici . He's going against the Nazi allies Ion Antonescu made and thus saved some 20,000 Jews from likely death. After the war, is Traian Popovici of Yad Vashem in Jerusalem as Righteous among the Nations been honored.

Isac Jacob Green Mountain was in the Town Hall as deputy bureau chief for the water works of Czernowitz jurisdiction and thus had the coveted Unabkömmlichkeitsbescheinigung. Only then could the family of the war years in the city - more bad than good and in constant fear - to survive. Before the war was Isac Jacob Green Mountain the educated elite of Czernowitz, and was a member of the Jewish National academic liaison JNAV Zephirah .

The JNAV Zephirah in 1897, founded the year of the first Zionist Congress . After the First World War she gave herself a program of radical Zionist and also radical-democratic orientation. The rare images from the estate of Jacob Isac Green Mountain (right, top row, 6th from right) are from the years 1920 and 1938, the year of birth of Frederic Green Mountain.

After the Second World War, Frederic Green Mountain to Frederik Grinberg, but the shadows of the past get him in the Soviet Union again. In an atmosphere of growing anti-Semitism in administration and public life, Frederik Grinberg discovered during a visit to the cemetery in 1983, that the grave of his parents in the Jewish cemetery of Czernowitz was desecrated by unknown persons. Even in the cemetery, he suffered his first stroke, followed after a few years a second. He recovered it and moved in 1994 from along with his wife, Mrs. Liubov Medzhybovskaja-Grinberg, Germany. In Mülheim an der Ruhr will engage the medical couple a home and both volunteer in the Jewish community Duisburg, Mülheim / Ruhr, Oberhausen . The Working Group Migration-history , a project of Mülheim Heinrich Thöne Community College published under the title "My life in the ghetto and in the occupied territory" an impressive article about the sorrowful fate of Holocaust survivors.

Unfortunately, now have set the late effects of strokes and suffered Frederik Grinberg, his 72nd of this month Celebrates birthday, has been about two years confined to a wheelchair.